氟代谢平衡及其在地方性氟中毒防治中的应用研究

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	氟代谢平衡及其在地方性氟中毒防治中的应用研究
其他题名	Research on fluoride metabolism balance and its application in endemic fluorosis control
	于光前
	2007-05-29
学位授予单位	中国科学院地球化学研究所
学位授予地点	地球化学研究所
学位名称	博士
关键词	氟尿氟氟含量代谢平衡玉米
摘要	本文通过氟代谢平衡法，研究了大鼠在不同氟摄入量条件下以及食物高钙、高蛋白质、酸性饮水、碱性饮水，大鼠氟的摄入、排泄和蓄积的特征；并对氟代谢的指标之一，尿氟含量在地方性氟中毒防治中的应用进行了分析；同时，以大鼠氟代谢作为低氟玉米样品氟富集的载体，采用生物富集方法，探索性测定了测定超低氟含量玉米样品。通过实验观察，得到以下几点主要认识： 1. 氟的蓄积量从高到低的次序是：常规食料组＞碱性饮水组＞酸性饮水组＞富蛋白饲料组＞富钙饲料组。高钙和高蛋白饮食减少了大鼠的饮水量和摄食量，使高氟含量的饮水和食物进入机体的量减少，从而减少了摄氟量。高钙食物和高蛋白质食物，促使尿氟浓度显著增高，骨氟浓度减低，降低了大鼠的氟蓄积。高钙食物使粪排氟量比例增加，高蛋白食物使尿排氟量比例增加。 2. 大鼠生长过程中，一般在3个月时代谢旺盛，摄氟量、蓄积量和排氟量大幅增加。 3. 大鼠摄入过量氟导致骨形态学改变。随着实验时间加长，大鼠摄氟量增加，电镜下骨细胞出现凋亡和坏死数量增多，有的成骨细胞出现细胞器变性，骨基质发育不良；骺板仅见软骨细胞减少，未见细胞器变性，软骨基质未见异常。 4. 人群群体尿氟，对于氟中毒评价病情、环境氟暴露有重要意义，在地方性氟中毒防治工作中是一个可用于实际工作的指标。判定病区与非病区表准的人群尿氟几何均数为：成人1.6mg/L，儿童1.4mg/L。 5. 利用大鼠氟代谢平衡法测得新鲜玉米氟含量为：0.35mg/kg，其范围可能在0.01~0.69mg/kg之间，此方面还需进一步研究。
其他摘要	By the method of fluoride metabolism balance, the characters of fluoride intake, excretion and accumulation of rats through ingesting different levels of fluoride in water as well as calcium-rich food, protein-rich food, alkaline drinking water and acidic drinking water ware studied. And how to make use of the index of urinary fluoride efficiently in the endemic fluorosis control field was analyzed. How to detect low fluoride content in fresh corn was explored by used of bio-accumulation method. By means of experimental observation, some results were gained. 1. The order of fluoride accumulation from higher to lower was routine feed, alkaline drinking water, acidic drinking water, protein-rich food, calcium-rich food. Calcium-rich food and protein-rich food made rats drinking water and ingesting feed fewer, thereby decreased fluoride intake. Calcium-rich food and protein rich food made fluoride concentration of urinary higher and fluoride of bone lower, and decreased fluoride intake of rats. Calcium-rich food increased the ratio of fluoride excretion through feces, and protein-rich food increased the ratio of fluoride excretion through urine. 2. Generally, rats metabolized intensively in the third month after birth, at this period, they ingest, accumulate and excrete fluoride more. 3. Rats ingested exceed fluoride resulted in skeletal morphological change. It was noticed that fluoride intake increased and more and more apoptosis and necrosis cells can be seen under the electrical microscope with the experimental period prolonging. And cell organ distortion in some osteobllast and born matrix depauperate can also be seen. Only fewer cartilage cell can be seen in epiphyseal disk, and nor abnormal cell organ distortion and cartilage matrix can be seen. 4. Urinary of population is very meaningful for judgment endemic fluorosis states. The standard of urinary fluoride of population for judgment endemic fluorosis is 1.6mg/L for adults and 1.4mg/L for children. 5. Fluoride content in fresh coin was detected by employing the method of fluoride metabolism balance. The average fluoride is 0.35mg/kg, in corn, the range is 0.01~0.69mg/kg. but it need further conforming.
页数	89
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.gyig.ac.cn/handle/352002/3126
专题	研究生_研究生_学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	于光前. 氟代谢平衡及其在地方性氟中毒防治中的应用研究[D]. 地球化学研究所. 中国科学院地球化学研究所,2007.

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