Co-occurrence of arsenic and fluoride in the groundwater of Punjab, Pakistan: source discrimination and health risk assessment

	Co-occurrence of arsenic and fluoride in the groundwater of Punjab, Pakistan: source discrimination and health risk assessment
	Atta Rasool; Tangfu Xiao; Zenab Tariq Baig; Sajid Masood; Khan M. G. Mostofa; Muhammad Iqbal
	2015
发表期刊	Environmental Science and Pollution Research
卷号	22 期号:24 页码:19729-19746
摘要	The present study discusses elevated groundwater arsenic (As) and fluoride (F-) concentrations in Mailsi, Punjab, Pakistan, and links these elevated concentrations to health risks for the local residents. The results indicate that groundwater samples of two areas of Mailsi, Punjab were severely contaminated with As (5.9-507 ppb) and F- (5.5-29.6 ppm), as these values exceeded the permissible limits of World Health Organization (10 ppb for As and 1.5 ppm for F-). The groundwater samples were categorized by redox state. The major process controlling the As levels in groundwater was the adsorption of As onto PO43- at high pH. High alkalinity and low Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations promoted the higher F- and As concentrations in the groundwater. A positive correlation was observed between F- and As concentrations (r=0.37; n=52) and other major ions found in the groundwater of the studied area. The mineral saturation indices calculated by PHREEQC 2.1 suggested that a majority of samples were oversaturated with calcite and fluorite, leading to the dissolution of fluoride minerals at alkaline pH. Local inhabitants exhibited arsenicosis and fluorosis after exposure to environmental concentration doses of As and F-. Estimated daily intake (EDI) and target hazard quotient (THQ) highlighted the risk factors borne by local residents. Multivariate statistical analysis further revealed that both geologic origins and anthropogenic activities contributed to As and F- contamination in the groundwater. We propose that pollutants originate, in part, from coal combusted at brick factories, and agricultural activities. Once generated, these pollutants were mobilized by the alkaline nature of the groundwater.
学科领域	环境地球化学
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.gyig.ac.cn/handle/352002/6065
专题	环境地球化学国家重点实验室_环境地球化学国家重点实验室_期刊论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Atta Rasool,Tangfu Xiao,Zenab Tariq Baig,et al. Co-occurrence of arsenic and fluoride in the groundwater of Punjab, Pakistan: source discrimination and health risk assessment[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22(24):19729-19746.
APA	Atta Rasool,Tangfu Xiao,Zenab Tariq Baig,Sajid Masood,Khan M. G. Mostofa,&Muhammad Iqbal.(2015).Co-occurrence of arsenic and fluoride in the groundwater of Punjab, Pakistan: source discrimination and health risk assessment.Environmental Science and Pollution Research,22(24),19729-19746.
MLA	Atta Rasool,et al."Co-occurrence of arsenic and fluoride in the groundwater of Punjab, Pakistan: source discrimination and health risk assessment".Environmental Science and Pollution Research 22.24(2015):19729-19746.

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