Migration paths and precipitation mechanisms of ore-forming fluids at the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit, Guizhou, China

	Migration paths and precipitation mechanisms of ore-forming fluids at the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit, Guizhou, China
	Qin-Ping Tan; Yong Xia; Zhuo-Jun Xie; Jun Yan
通讯作者	Yong Xia
	2015
发表期刊	Ore Geology Reviews
卷号	69 期号:1 页码:140-156
摘要	Shuiyindong is one of the largest and highest grade stratabound Carlin-type gold deposits in China. This paper reports on the results of petrographic studies, electron microprobe analyses (EMPA) of arsenian pyrite, and the mass transfer during mineralization and alteration, and it presents the deposit-scale distributions of Au, As, Sb, Hg, T1, and trace elements in a representative cross section across the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit, Guizhou Province. The main objectives were to identify the precipitation mechanisms of minerals, or elements from fluids, and the migration paths of ore-forming fluids. Petrographic and EMPA studies indicate that gold in the primary ores is mainly hosted by arsenian pyrite. Mass transfer associated with alteration and mineralization shows that Au, As, Sb, Hg, Tl, and S were significantly added to all mineralized rocks, Fe2O3 and SiO2 were immobile in the main orebodies that are hosted in bioclastic limestone, and CaO, Na2O, Sr, and Li were removed from country rocks. The relations between Fe and S indicate that the sedimentary rocks at the Shuiyindong deposit contain more iron than is needed to combine with all of their contained sulfur to form pyrite. This suggests that sulfidation and decarbonation were the principal mechanism of gold precipitation at the Shuiyindong deposit. Hg, Sb, and As commonly formed sulfide minerals, such as stibnite, realgar, and orpiment, in late-stage quartz-calcite veins, or absorbed by organic matter in argillite. Fluid cooling presumably led to depositions of stibnite, realgar, and orpiment in late-stage quartz-calcite veins. Organic matter likely served as a reductant in argillite for the ore fluids, causing the precipitation of As, Sb, Hg, and S, as well as Au. Deposit-scale distributions of gold and other relevant elements reflect the passage of fluids through the rocks. Rock strata and structures allowed the ore-forming fluids to migrate horizontally along the unconformity surface of the Middle-Upper Permian, converge on the high position of an anticline, and then ascend into the overlying strata alongthe anticlinal axis. The distributions of the major and trace elements show that elements that accompanied the ore-forming fluids include Au, As, Sb, Hg, Tl, and S, and that Na2O and Li were exhausted in the Longtan Formation at the anticlinal core during gold mineralization. The enrichment of Co, Cr, and Ni in the Longtan Formation at the anticlinal core might be associated with deformation that formed the anticline, or with gold mineralization. Different host rocks were preferentially mineralized by different elements. The bioclastic limestone is commonly enriched in Au, whereas the argillite is preferentially enriched in As, Hg, Sb, and Tl. The zonation of ore-forming elements in the deposit appears to be Sb-Tl-As-Hg-Au-Hg-As (from bottom to top). Enrichment of Au, As, Sb, Hg, and Tl provides useful guidance for the exploration for Carlin-type gold deposits in Guizhou. Anomalies of As and Hg in soil or stream sediment might be an important clue and these elements can be used as indicator elements. Ore-forming fluids migrated along the unconformity surface of the Middle-Upper Permian and the anticlinal axis, so these are favorable sites for exploration for Carlin-type gold deposits in Guizhou. Crown Copyright.
关键词	Carlin-type Gold Deposit Shuiyindong Deposit Southwestern Guizhou Ore-forming Fluid Migration Path Precipitation Mechanism
学科领域	矿床地球化学
收录类别	SCI
语种	中文
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.gyig.ac.cn/handle/352002/6040
专题	矿床地球化学国家重点实验室_矿床地球化学国家重点实验室_期刊论文
通讯作者	Yong Xia
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Qin-Ping Tan,Yong Xia,Zhuo-Jun Xie,et al. Migration paths and precipitation mechanisms of ore-forming fluids at the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit, Guizhou, China[J]. Ore Geology Reviews,2015,69(1):140-156.
APA	Qin-Ping Tan,Yong Xia,Zhuo-Jun Xie,&Jun Yan.(2015).Migration paths and precipitation mechanisms of ore-forming fluids at the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit, Guizhou, China.Ore Geology Reviews,69(1),140-156.
MLA	Qin-Ping Tan,et al."Migration paths and precipitation mechanisms of ore-forming fluids at the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit, Guizhou, China".Ore Geology Reviews 69.1(2015):140-156.

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