| 伊/蒙不规则间层粘土的矿物学特征及其层柱化研究 | |
| Alternative Title | Mineralogical Characteristics and Pillaring of Irregular Interstratified Illite/Smectite |
| 刘灵燕 | |
| 2002 | |
| Degree Grantor | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 |
| Place of Conferral | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 |
| Degree Name | 博士 |
| Degree Discipline | 矿物学岩石学矿床学 |
| Keyword | 层柱粘土 柱化剂 蒙皂石 钠型蒙脱石 吸附容量 |
| Abstract | 该文首先详细而系统地介绍了一类新型纳米矿物材料——层柱粘土.论文以贵州大方I/S不规则有序间层粘土为例,在采用多种测试手段了解该矿物的组成、结构及性能的基础上,首次对I/S不规则间层粘土进行了较系统的铝、锆、钛的层柱化研究.XRD、HRTEM、FTIR及DTA-TG共同揭示了大方I/S间层粘土是以Rl型为主的I/S不规则有序间层粘土,化学分析数据计算表明结构中的八面体为二八面体,蒙皂石为钠型蒙脱石.通过对大方I/S不规则间层粘土的铝层柱研究发现,较低的初始铝浓度有利于形成较多的Keggin离子,产物层间距可达3.2～3.5nm,N<,2-BET比表面积达110m<'2>/g.首次对I/S不规则间层粘土进行了钻、钛层柱化研究,所获产物层间距都大于铝层柱者,分别为3.3～4.0nm和3.5~4.7nm.文章首次对层柱I/S不规则间层粘土进行了除层间距以外的孔结构、表面酸性、(水)热稳定性和显微形貌的表征.探讨了层与柱之间、颗粒与颗粒之间的排列和连接对层柱产物性能的影响,比较成功地用IR证据解释了层在机理中四面体的反转问题.最后初步试验了层柱I/S不规则间层粘土对水中重金属pb<'2+>和垃圾淋滤液中COD的去除效果,结果表明卫Ti-I/S对Pb<'2+>的吸附容量可达8.39mg/g,对COD的去除率可高达76.71%. |
| Other Abstract | Due to their high permanent porosity, large surface area, tunable pore size, high thermal and hydrothermal stabilities and strong surface acidity, the pillared interlayered clays (PILC) have become a new class of attractive nanometer mineral materials for catalysis and adsorption. They are synthesized by pillaring the clay sheets with a molecular prop or pillaring agent .The starting clay for pillaring can be natural or artificial smectites, vermuculite and so on. From the success in pillaring rectorite, the regular interstratified illite/smectite(I/S), and its high thermal stability, a question has been put forward: can the irregular interstratified I/S also be used as starting clay for pillaring of clay with excellent properties as the regular ones has? This thesis provided a background on the PILC at first, then discussed the undeveloped field, i.e., the pillaring of irregular interstratified I/S. Irregular and order interstratified I/S from Dafang County, Guizhou Province, has been taken as the mother clay in this study. Its structure and composition have been investigated mainly by means of chemical analysis, XRD, FTIR, DTA-TG and HRTEM. The results show that it is composed of expansible dioctahedral Na-montmorillonite and thermally stable illite layers tlirough stacking along with the crystal axis C in various interstratifications. It has been found that lower concentration of Al in solution is benefit to the formation of more AI13 Keggin ions. Zr-pillared I/S and Ti-pillared I/S have also been prepared in this work, which possess higher basal spacing than Al-pillared one. The properties of these PILCs have been demonstrated by XRD, N2-BET, FTIR, DTA-TG and HRTEM. The basal spacing of A1-, Zr- and Ti-pillared I/S are 3.2～3.5nm, 3.3～4.0nm and 3.5～4.7nm respectively. The specific surface area of these products has been 2-4 times higher than that of starting clay. Both the thermal and hydrothermal stabilities are over 550 ℃. The surface acidity decreased with the increasing of calcine temperature, but the range and rate of this decreasing are lower than that of pillared montmorillonite. Among three kinds of PILCs, Ti-pillared I/S is the best one with N2-BET surface 153.16m2/g, single-pot pore volume 0.175cm3/g and BET average pore size 4.57nm. In this paper has also been discussed the effects of arranging and linking between pillar and sheets, and among particles on the properties of products, and explained the tetrahedral inversion of pillaring mechanism by FTIR data. Finally, the applications of I/S and its pillared products in the adsorption of metallic ion Pb2+ in water, and in the treatment of COD in leachate have been preliminarily tested. The results show that the Pb2+ adsorption capacity of Ti-I/S can up to 8.39mg/g, and the removal percentage of COD can reach to 76.71%. |
| Pages | 160 |
| Language | 中文 |
| Document Type | 学位论文 |
| Identifier | http://ir.gyig.ac.cn/handle/352002/3624 |
| Collection | 研究生_研究生_学位论文 |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | 刘灵燕. 伊/蒙不规则间层粘土的矿物学特征及其层柱化研究[D]. 中国科学院地球化学研究所. 中国科学院地球化学研究所,2002. |
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